DEFINITION
Anemia is a disease characterized by too few red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the blood.
CAUSE
Anemia in newborns can be caused by:
The loss of a large amount of blood during the birth process can occur if the placenta separates from the uterine wall prematurely (placental abruption) or if there is a tear in the umbilical cord. Infants looked very pale, low blood pressure and shortness of breath.
Anemia in premature infants is usually caused by blood loss (due to repeated blood tests for laboratory test purposes) and a reduction of red blood cell formation. Under normal circumstances, the bone marrow does not form new red blood cells for 3-4 weeks after the baby is born. Anemia gets worse as the baby's growth rate faster than the rate of formation of new red blood cells. But premature babies usually do not show symptoms of anemia and this condition will disappear by itself within 1-2 months.
Destruction of red blood cells occurs in:
TREATMENT
If the blood loss occurs during the birth process, immediately given a blood transfusion. If the cause is the destruction of red blood cells is excessive, replace transfusions, where the baby's blood is replaced with fresh blood. Red blood cells are damaged, bilirubin and antibodies from the mother's body discarded. In iron deficiency anemia given extra iron. If symptoms are severe anemia, blood transfusion.
Anemia is a disease characterized by too few red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the blood.
CAUSE
Anemia in newborns can be caused by:
- Blood loss.
- Destruction of red blood cells is excessive.
- Impaired formation of red blood cells.
The loss of a large amount of blood during the birth process can occur if the placenta separates from the uterine wall prematurely (placental abruption) or if there is a tear in the umbilical cord. Infants looked very pale, low blood pressure and shortness of breath.
Anemia in premature infants is usually caused by blood loss (due to repeated blood tests for laboratory test purposes) and a reduction of red blood cell formation. Under normal circumstances, the bone marrow does not form new red blood cells for 3-4 weeks after the baby is born. Anemia gets worse as the baby's growth rate faster than the rate of formation of new red blood cells. But premature babies usually do not show symptoms of anemia and this condition will disappear by itself within 1-2 months.
Destruction of red blood cells occurs in:
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn: a large number of red blood cells are destroyed by antibodies produced by the mother for the fetus in the womb.
- Babies with abnormal red blood cell shape, such as spherocytosis (spherical red blood cells).
- Abnormalities of hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells), such as sickle cell disease or thalassemia.
- Infection during the baby in the womb (eg toxoplasmosis, German measles, cytomegalovirus disease, herpes simplex or syphilis). If blood cells are destroyed, hemoglobin is converted to bilirubin. High levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) causes jaundice (jaundice) and in severe cases, can cause brain damage (kern jaundice).
TREATMENT
If the blood loss occurs during the birth process, immediately given a blood transfusion. If the cause is the destruction of red blood cells is excessive, replace transfusions, where the baby's blood is replaced with fresh blood. Red blood cells are damaged, bilirubin and antibodies from the mother's body discarded. In iron deficiency anemia given extra iron. If symptoms are severe anemia, blood transfusion.
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