6 Neurologic Symptoms of Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Neurological Symptoms of Guillain-Barre Syndrome preceded by paresthesias (tingling and numbness) and leg muscle weakness, which can progress to the upper extremities, trunk and facial muscles. Muscle weakness can quickly followed by a complete absence of paralysis. Cranial nerves are most often affected, which shows the ocular paralysis, facial and oropharyngeal muscles and also cause difficulty speaking, chewing and swallowing. Autonomic dysfunction is common and often show the form of overreaction or less reacting sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, as manifested by impaired heart rate and rhythm, blood pressure changes (transient hypertension, orthostatic hypotension), and other vasomotor disturbances varies. This condition also causes severe pain and settled in the back and leg area. Often the patients showed a loss of sensation to the same body position as limited or absent tendon reflexes. Sensory changes are manifested by paresthesias form.
Most patients experience a full recovery a few months to a year, but about 10% settled with residual disability.

Early symptoms include: tingling flavors needle tip of the toes or numbness in the hands or body parts. Legs feel heavy and stiff or hardened, the arm feels weak and palms can not grip tightly or play something well (unlock, open cans, etc.)

Early symptoms can disappear within a few weeks, the patient usually does not feel the need to care or difficult to explain to the team doctor for further treatment because the symptoms will disappear when checked.

The next stage when symptoms begin to appear more problematic, for example: hard-stepping feet, arms became weak pain, and then doctors discovered nerve reflexes have lost arm function.

Other clinical symptoms are as follows:

1. Paralysis
The main clinical manifestation is paralysis of the muscles of the lower extremity motor neuron type. In most of the paralysis in the lower extremities from both ascending and then spreads to the upper limbs and the body of cranial nerves can also sometimes subjected to four members are members of the body and then spread to the cranial nerves.

2. Impaired sensibility
Paresthesias are usually more pronounced in the distal extremities, face also may be subject to circumpolar distribution. Defesit sensory objective is usually minimal. Muscle pain often encountered in such pain after a physical activity.

3. Cranial nerves
The most commonly known is N.VI. muscle paralysis often starts on one side but then soon became bilateral weight that can be found between the two sides. All cranial nerves may be subject except NI and N.VIII. diplopia could occur due to exposure or N.III N.IV. when exposed N.IX and NX will cause difficulty swallowing dysphonia and in severe cases due to respiratory causes paralis and laryngeal.

4. Impaired autonomic function
Impaired autonomic function observed in 25% of patients with GBS. The disorder in the form of sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, or more rarely, so red face (facial flushing), hypertension or hypotension fluctuating, sweat loss, or episodic profuse diaphoresis. Retention or urinary incontinence is rarely encountered. The autonomic disorders rarely lasts more than a week or two.

5. Respiratory failure
Respiratory failure is a major complication that can be fatal if not handled properly. Respiratory failure is caused respiratory paralysis, and paralysis of the respiratory muscles, which is encountered in 10-33% of patients.

6. Papilledema
Sometimes encountered papilledema, cause not yet known with certainty in the suspect because penindian levels of protein in the muscle that causes blockage of the arachnoid so that the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid is reduced.

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