Ineffective Tissue Perfusion : Cerebral related to Meningitis

Nursing Care Plan for Meningitis

Meningitis is an inflammation of the lining of the brain (arachnoid and pia mater). Bacteria and viruses are a major cause of meningitis.

Meningitis is caused by a wide variety of organisms, but most patients with meningitis have predisposing factors such as skull fracture, infection, brain surgery or spinal marrow. As mentioned above that the meningitis is caused by viruses and bacteria, the meningitis is divided into two major parts: purulent meningitis and serous meningitis.

Meningitis can be prevented by identifying and properly understand the predisposing factors such as otitis media or respiratory tract infections (such as tuberculosis) which may lead to serous meningitis. In this case the most important is the completion of treatment (antibiotics), although the symptoms of the infection have disappeared.

Upon the occurrence of meningitis appropriate treatment should be quickly addressed. To identify factors or causative organism and to quickly provide appropriate treatment to protect the organism causes serious complications.

Nursing Diagnosis : Ineffective Tissue perfusion : cerebral related to increased intracranial pressure.

Goal:

• The patient returned to the state of the neurological status before the illness.
• Increased patient awareness and sensory function.

Ooutcomes:

• Vital signs are within normal limits.
• Head pain is reduced.
• Increased awareness.
• The presence of cognitive enhancement and no signs or loss of increased intracranial pressure.

Interventions :
1. Suggest to total bedrest with supine sleeping position without a pillow.
R /: Changes in intracranial pressure will can cause the risk for brain herniation.

2. Monitor the signs of neurologic status with GCS.
R /: Can reduce further brain damage.

3. Monitor vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse, temperature, respiration and caution in systolic hypertension.
R /: In normal circumstances autoregulation maintains a state of change in systemic blood pressure fluctuations. Autoreguler failure will cause cerebral vascular damage which may be manifested by an increase in systolic, and followed by a decrease in diastolic pressure. While the increase in temperature can describe the course of infection.

4. Monitor intake and output.
R /: Hyperthermia can lead to increased IWL and increase the risk of dehydration, especially in patients who are not aware, nausea which decreases oral intake.

5. Help the patient to limit vomiting, coughing. Instruct the patient to exhale when moving or turning in bed.
R /: This activity can increase intracranial pressure and intra-abdominal. Exhale when moving or changing position can protect themselves from the effects of Valsalva.

Collaboration

6. Give fluids intravenously with strict attention.
R /: Minimize fluctuations in vascular load, and intracranial pressure, fluid restriction, and fluid can reduce cerebral edema.

7. Monitor blood gas analysis when needed oxygen administration.
R /: The possibility acidosis accompanied by the release of oxygen at the cellular level may lead to the occurrence of cerebral ischemic.

8. Provide treatment in accordance with physician advice.
R /: Therapy given can decrease capillary permeability. Lowering cerebral edema. Lowering metabolic cells / consumption and seizures.

Tag : Ineffective Tissue Perfusion - Cerebral, Ineffective Tissue Perfusion : Cerebral related to Meningitis, Meningitis, Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions